BREGONZIO DIAZ CLAUDIA
Capítulos de libros
Título:
Neurovascular Cognitive Alterations: Implication of Brain Renin?Angiotensin System (RAS)
Autor/es:
MARCHESE NA; CASARSA BS; BAIARDI, G; BREGONZIO C; GARGIULO, PA
Libro:
Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update. Bridging the divide
Editorial:
Springer
Referencias:
Año: 2015; p. 101 - 117
Resumen:
The neurovascular unit which comprises the microenvironment
within small blood vessels in the brain parenchyma is responsible for
the maintenance of normal neuronal function by a continuous supply
of nutrients. Inflammatory processes and loss of brain?blood-barrier
(BBB) integrity can lead to vascular dysfunction and pathological
interactions between microvasculature, neurons, and astrocytes.
These events have been closely related to the development of brain
disorders such as cognitive decline, supported by numerous studies
using hypertension animal models. There is a large body of evidence
showing the implication of circulating and local renin angiotensin
system in cerebral microvasculature function. Angiotensin II, trough
AT1 receptor activation, has been related to elevated reactive oxygen
species production, endothelial dysfunction, elevated permeability,
inflammatory events, and vascular structure alterations. The
angiotensin receptor blockers, used in antihypertensive treatments,
are an important pharmacologic tool with neuroprotective effects
because they can modify vascular damage and improve cognitive
alterations. The development of vascular diseases can be influenced
and promoted by external factors such as stress and drug abuse. Stress
is related to induction of structural changes in arteries and cytokine
production leading to endothelial damage and inflammation. It is
known that psychostimulants have cardiovascular stimulant effects
that can promote cerebral vasculitis and intracranial hemorrhage by
direct and indirect mechanisms on the vasculature. The brain renin?
angiotensin system is becoming an interesting new therapeutic target
for vascular and related cognitive disorders.
within small blood vessels in the brain parenchyma is responsible for
the maintenance of normal neuronal function by a continuous supply
of nutrients. Inflammatory processes and loss of brain?blood-barrier
(BBB) integrity can lead to vascular dysfunction and pathological
interactions between microvasculature, neurons, and astrocytes.
These events have been closely related to the development of brain
disorders such as cognitive decline, supported by numerous studies
using hypertension animal models. There is a large body of evidence
showing the implication of circulating and local renin angiotensin
system in cerebral microvasculature function. Angiotensin II, trough
AT1 receptor activation, has been related to elevated reactive oxygen
species production, endothelial dysfunction, elevated permeability,
inflammatory events, and vascular structure alterations. The
angiotensin receptor blockers, used in antihypertensive treatments,
are an important pharmacologic tool with neuroprotective effects
because they can modify vascular damage and improve cognitive
alterations. The development of vascular diseases can be influenced
and promoted by external factors such as stress and drug abuse. Stress
is related to induction of structural changes in arteries and cytokine
production leading to endothelial damage and inflammation. It is
known that psychostimulants have cardiovascular stimulant effects
that can promote cerebral vasculitis and intracranial hemorrhage by
direct and indirect mechanisms on the vasculature. The brain renin?
angiotensin system is becoming an interesting new therapeutic target
for vascular and related cognitive disorders.
