Ancient mitogenomes from the Southern Pampas of Argentina reflect local differentiation and limited extra-regional linkages after rapid initial colonization

MOTTI, JOSEFINA M. B.; PAURO, MAIA; SCABUZZO, CLARA; GARCÍA, ANGELINA; ALDAZÁBAL, VERÓNICA; VECCHI, RODRIGO; BAYÓN, CRISTINA; PASTOR, NICOLÁS; DEMARCHI, DARÍO A.; BRAVI, CLAUDIO M.; REICH, DAVID; CABANA, GRACIELA S.; NORES, RODRIGO

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

John Wiley and Sons Inc

Año: 2023

bjective: This study aims to contribute to the recovery of Indigenous evolutionary history in the Southern Pampas region of Argentina through an analysis of ancient complete mitochondrial genomes. Materials and Methods: We generated DNA data for nine complete mitogenomes from the Southern Pampas, dated to between 2531 and 723 cal BP. In combination with previously published ancient mitogenomes from the region and from throughout South America, we documented instances of extra-regional lineage-sharing, and estimated coalescent ages for local lineages using a Bayesian method with tip calibrations in a phylogenetic analysis. Results: We identified a novel mitochondrial haplogroup, B2b16, and two recently defined haplogroups, A2ay and B2ak1, as well as three local haplotypes within founder haplogroups C1b and C1d. We detected lineage-sharing with ancient and contemporary individuals from Central Argentina, but not with ancient or contemporary samples from North Patagonian or Littoral regi