Terroir diferentiation of argentinean red wines by inorganic, organic and stable isotopes analyses coupled to chemometrics

DI PAOLA-NARANJO R.D.; BARONI, M.VERÓNICA; PODIO, N.S.; RUBINSTEIN, H.R.; FABANI, M.P.; BADINI, R.G.; INGA, M.; OSTERA, H.A.; CAGNONI, M.; GALLEGO, E.; PERAL-GARCÍA, P.; HOOGEWERFF, J.

Belfast

Congreso; ASSET- Food Integrity and Traceability Conference 2011; 2011

Queens University Belfast

The main goal of this work was to obtain a reliable fingerprint of Argentinean wines based on the organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns. The influence of the provenance soil on the wine composition was also investigated. For this purpose, soil and wine samples were collected from the three major wine-producing regions of Argentina: Mendoza, San Juan and Córdoba. Likewise, the three main wine-varieties in these areas were studied: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah. Phenolic components were determined in wine samples by HPLC-MS/MS. Multielement composition were analyzed in both wine and soil samples, using ICP- MS, while 87Sr/86Sr and δ13C were measured by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. In order to assess the potential of organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns for wine classifications, chemometric techniques were applied. Discriminant Analysis allowed 100% differentiation between wines from the regions and grape-varieties studied. Among phenolic compounds, resveratrol and kaempferol were the most significant parameters for the wine differentiation, while Li, Mg and 87Sr/86Sr were the most important inorganic parameters selected for the grouping. Finally, we applied a Canonical Correlation Analysis for assessing the correspondence between soil and wine composition, showing a highly significant correlation (r=0.99; p<0.001) among datasets of soils and wines variables. We can conclude that elemental and isotopic composition allows a good differentiation among wine-producing regions. In addition, the inclusion of phenolic composition allows a better differentiation between wine varieties from the same region. The combination of data from various analytical sources (organic, inorganic and isotopic components) is a powerful strategy to obtain a reliable wines fingerprint.