Differentiation Between Argentine and Austrian Red and White Wines Based on Isotopic and Multi-Elemental Composition

JULIETA GRIBOFF; HORACEK MICHA; DANIEL A. WUNDERLIN; MAGDALENA V. MONFERRAN; HORACEK MICHA; STEFAN HÖLZL; DANA ALINA MAGDAS

IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL OF THE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN OF PLANT MATERIALS: INVESTIGATION OF AMBIENT INFLUENCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SELECTION

FRONTIERS

Año: 2022; p. 77 - 84

In this work, the characterization of white and red wines from Austria and Argentina wascarried out based on the isotopic and multi-elemental profile data. They were determinedusing vanguard techniques such as isotope ratio mass spectrometry and inductivelycoupled plasma mass spectrometry. In particular, Al, As, B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg,Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, V, Zn, δ18O, and δ13C were determined. The results show that thesamples of wines from Argentina generally present higher concentrations of the elementsanalyzed compared to Austrian wines. δ18O values from wine water were characteristic ofeach country, while δ13C values from ethanol did not present any geographical distinction.Linear discriminant analysis using isotopes and elements allowed us to classify 100% ofthe wines according to the origin and additionally, 98.4% when separately investigatingred and white wines. The elements Sr, Li, V, Pb, B, Mn, Co, Rb, As, Na, Mg, Zn, and δ18Owere identified as sensitive indicators capable of differentiate wines according to theirproduction origin. Furthermore, Sr, Li, Na, δ13C, δ18O, Ca, B, Fe, Mn, V, Mg, Co, and Zncontributed to the differentiation of wines according to origin and color. To our knowledge,it is the first work that involves the measurement of a wide range of elements and stableisotopes in white and red wines in Argentina, as well as in Austria. This research highlightsthe power of the application of stable isotopes and multi-element data in multivariatestatistical analysis, in order to obtain an accurate differentiation of wines origin.