A state-of-the-art review and prospective therapeutic applications of prenyl flavonoids as chemosensitizers against antifungal multidrug resistance in Candida albicans

SANTI, MARIA DANIELA; ORTEGA, MARÍA GABRIELA; PERALTA, MARIANA ANDREA

CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY.

BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD

Año: 2022 vol. 29

0929-8673

ccording to a recent definition, multidrug resistance (MDR) is an acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. MDR in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is defined as non-susceptibility at least one agent in two or more drug classes. This phenomenon has been increasingly reported since the rise in the incidence of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients at the end of the last century.Chemosensitization emerged as a valid tool to combat MDR in microorganisms causing infections in which first-line antimicrobial treatments were ineffective. This approach allows overcoming MDR and chemosensitizing resistant strains to antimicrobials. After the discovery of efflux pump overexpression as a principal mechanism causing MDR in Candida strains, drug discovery targeting fungal efflux transporters has had a growing impact. Chemosensitization aims to enhance azole intracellular concentrations through combination therapy with transpor