Whole-body bioconcentration and biochemical and morphological responses of gills of the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or fipronil individually or in a mixture

PORTRUNELI, NATÁLIA; BONANSEA, ROCÍO INÉS; VALDÉS, MARIA EUGENIA; DA SILVA, LAÍS CONCEIÇÃO MENEZES; VIANA, NATÁLIA PRUDÊNCIO; GOULART, BIANCA V.; SOUZA, IARA DA COSTA; ESPÍNDOLA, EVALDO LUIZ GAETA; MONTAGNER, CASSIANA CAROLINA; WUNDERLIN, DANIEL ALBERTO; FERNANDES, MARISA NARCISO

AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Año: 2021 vol. 240

0166-445X

he herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and the insecticide fipronil have been used widely in agriculture and detected in aquatic ecosystems, where they threaten wildlife. This study evaluated the whole-body bioconcentration and the biochemical and morphological changes in the gills of the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed for 96 h to 2,4-D or fipronil as single compounds or as a mixture (2,4-D + fipronil). Fish exposed to either compound alone bioconcentrated 2,4-D (77 ± 23 ng g −1 fish dry mass) and fipronil (789 ± 178 ng g −1 fish dry mass). Fish exposed to 2,4-D + fipronil bioconcentrated fipronil (683 ± 73 ng g −1 fish dry mass) but not 2,4-D. In the gills, catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level increased after exposure to 2,4-D. GST activity increased after exposure to fipronil. Conversely, no changes occurred in CAT and GST activities and LPO upon exposure to 2,4-D + fipronil