Repeated evolution of a morphological novelty: a phylogenetic analysis of the inflated fruiting calyx in the Physalideae tribe (Solanaceae)

DEANNA ROCÍO; LARTER MAXIMILIEN; BARBOZA GLORIA E.; SMITH STACEY D.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY

BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC

Lugar: St. Louis; Año: 2019 vol. 106 p. 270 - 270

0002-9122

REMISE OF THE STUDY: The evolution of novel fruit morphologies has been integral to the success of angiosperms. The inflated fruiting calyx, in which the balloon-like calyx swells to completely surround the fruit, has evolved repeatedly across angiosperms and is postulated to aid in protection and dispersal. We investigated the evolution of this trait in the tomatillos and their allies (Physalideae, Solanaceae). METHODS: The Physalideae phylogeny was estimated using four regions (ITS, LEAFY, trnL-F, waxy) with maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference. Under the best-fitting ML model of trait evolution, we estimated ancestral states along with the numbers of gains and losses of fruiting calyx accrescence and inflation with Bayesian stochastic mapping. Also, phylogenetic signal in calyx morphology was examined with two metrics (parsimony score and Fritz and Purvis?s D).KEY RESULTS: Based on our well-resolved and densely sampled phylogeny, we infer that calyx evolution has proceede