ARGINASE IN PARASITIC INFECTIONS: macrophage activation immunosuppression and intracellular signals.

STEMPIN, CC. DULGERIAN, LR. GARRIDO, VV. CERBÁN, FM.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Hindawi

Lugar: New York; Año: 2010 vol. 2010 p. 1 - 1

1110-7243

type 1 cytokine-dependent pro-inflammatory response inducing classically activated macrophages (CaMs) is crucial for parasite control during protozoan infections but can also contribute to the development of immunopathological disease symptoms. Type 2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 antagonize CaMs inducing alternatively activated macrophages (AaMs) that up regulate arginase-1 expression. During several infections induction of arginase-1-macropages were showed to have a detrimental role by limiting CaM- dependent parasite clearance and promoting parasite proliferation. Additionally, the role of arginase-1 in T-cell suppression has been explored recently. Arginase-1 can also be induced by IL-10 and transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) or even directly by parasites or parasite components. Therefore, generation of alternative activation states of macrophages could limit collateral tissue damage because of excessive type 1 inflammation. However, they affect disease outcome by promoting