Pharmaceutical Crystals: Development, Optimization, Characterization and Biopharmaceutical Aspects

Crystal Growth - Technologies and Applications

IntechOpen

Lugar: London; Año: 2022; p. 1 - 19

In the solid state, the active pharmaceutical ingredients tend to exhibit crystallineorder. In this regard, the interest in the crystalline solid state has expanded to includesingle-component compounds as well as multicomponent systems such as salts,hydrates, solvates, and co-crystals. The study of crystalline behavior is recognized asan essential component of preformulation research in pharmaceutical sciences andindustries. The crystalline form can impact the drug properties such as solubility,dissolution rate, stability, hygroscopicity, and toxicity profile. Therefore, each solidform must be appropriately identified and characterized because it will affect thedrug formulation, including the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safetyproperties of the formulation. In this context, this chapter will cover topics such assynthesis approaches (including nucleation and crystallization procedures), crystalpolymorphism, solid state characterization techniques and the impact of crystals onphysicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties.